Forklift Torque Converter - A torque converter in modern usage, is normally a fluid coupling which is utilized to be able to transfer rotating power from a prime mover, like for example an internal combustion engine or an electrical motor, to a rotating driven load. Same as a basic fluid coupling, the torque converter takes the place of a mechanical clutch. This enables the load to be separated from the main power source. A torque converter could offer the equivalent of a reduction gear by being able to multiply torque when there is a considerable difference between input and output rotational speed.
The most common type of torque converter used in car transmissions is the fluid coupling type. In the 1920s there was even the Constantinesco or pendulum-based torque converter. There are various mechanical designs utilized for constantly changeable transmissions that have the ability to multiply torque. Like for instance, the Variomatic is one version which has expanding pulleys and a belt drive.
A fluid coupling is a 2 element drive which cannot multiply torque. A torque converter has an extra part which is the stator. This alters the drive's characteristics all through times of high slippage and produces an increase in torque output.
There are a minimum of three rotating elements in a torque converter: the turbine, which drives the load, the impeller, that is mechanically driven by the prime mover and the stator, which is between the turbine and the impeller so that it can change oil flow returning from the turbine to the impeller. Usually, the design of the torque converter dictates that the stator be prevented from rotating under whichever condition and this is where the term stator begins from. In point of fact, the stator is mounted on an overrunning clutch. This design stops the stator from counter rotating with respect to the prime mover while still enabling forward rotation.
Adjustments to the basic three element design have been incorporated sometimes. These modifications have proven worthy particularly in application where higher than normal torque multiplication is considered necessary. More often than not, these alterations have taken the form of multiple turbines and stators. Every set has been designed to produce differing amounts of torque multiplication. Several instances include the Dynaflow which uses a five element converter in order to generate the wide range of torque multiplication required to propel a heavy vehicle.
Although it is not strictly a part of classic torque converter design, various automotive converters consist of a lock-up clutch to lessen heat and to enhance cruising power transmission efficiency. The application of the clutch locks the turbine to the impeller. This causes all power transmission to be mechanical which eliminates losses associated with fluid drive.
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